Recreation

Campground Master Planning

Driving Revenue With Due Diligence

Camping is all about the guest experience. It connects us with nature, generates memories that last a lifetime, and addresses all our senses in a way that’s unique to each of us. The value we place on that experience is what keeps us coming back for more.

Green Light / Red Light: The Feasibility Study

When we begin a feasibility study, our design team starts by testing and analyzing the site, looking for constraints such as steep slopes, significant wetlands, floodplains, access to drinkable water, strategies for collecting and treatment of wastewater, and more. The goal is to quickly determine if the site can be developed with a reasonable return on investment (ROI) before spending significant capital on a project that cannot move forward. If the project is feasible, the master plan helps determine how the campground will look based on the project goals, the type of camper you are looking to attract (families, empty nesters, seasonal guests, etc..), site constraints, and construction/project budget. This is the time to dream and explore design options that will either reinforce, enhance, or establish the features and characteristics that make your campground unique. The following examples showcase a few of the issues we have encountered on recent projects. Addressing due diligence early on sheds light on the value of the master planning process, and through that process, we can help owners avoid some of the pitfalls spelled out below.

Campground in full swing

The Aerial Welcome Center

Recently, we worked with an investor who wanted to construct a campground in a beautiful oxbow where the river gently bent around a mixed forest of river birch, black willow, sycamore, and maple trees. Opportunities for kayaking, canoeing, tubing, fishing, stream stomping, and more abound along the site’s periphery. With over 100 acres, theoretically, the site could easily accommodate the proposed 125 campsites, 10 cabins, and the various amenities needed to create a memorable family destination. During the master planning process, our team investigated online mapping resources and uncovered potential floodway and wetland restrictions that would impact how that land could be developed. With hydraulic engineers in tow, further investigation and conversations with the Authorities Having Jurisdiction (AHJs) revealed that while we would likely be able to construct RV campsites in the floodplain, any structures would have needed to be elevated above the base flood elevation, at least 12 feet in the air! While an elevated welcome center, comfort stations, and cabins sounded like an interesting draw for the campground, the concept proved to be too cost-prohibitive to meet customer needs, provide ADA access, and protect the site and the utilities from potential flooding. 

The Cost to Move Dirt

47 acres of ridgetop land overlooking an expansive recreational lake in Georgia. Partially farmed and surrounded by old-growth forests, the master plan envisioned the heart of the campground surrounded by neighborhoods of campsites and cabins, cantilevered over the ravines with water views filtering between the leaves. With family-friendly amenities clustered around the Welcome Center, passive activities such as hiking trails, overlooks, pavilions, a dog park, etc., took advantage of the topography to create additional destinations throughout the site. We like our RV pads to be “level” – with a 1 to 2% grade to encourage stormwater to run off the pad and allow the RVs to function properly. What appears to be “flat” in the mind’s eye is usually not very flat in actuality! In this case, the “flat” agricultural fields had a range of slopes from 2 to 8%. The remote location also required an on-site wastewater treatment plant with a leach field. When constructing a large campground, that’s generally not a problem, but it does indicate that a significant amount of earthwork must be moved to accommodate the design requirements. Grading adds to the over project cost, but sometimes investors do not always realize the additional impact to the natural landscape by removing the trees that made the site special.

Short-term Solutions Can Create Long-term Headaches

Plan ahead!!! Organic growth is common in the industry. Often there’s a spot of land that looks perfect today for the new road, a group of cabins, a play area, the pool—the list goes on! However, if you don’t know what the end game is, you may be limiting future growth and creating long-term operational and maintenance issues with the placement of these amenities. A couple of recent examples that we’ve come across:       

  • Welcome to our Dumpster: Trash bins, dump stations, unorganized material stockpiles, etc… front and center! Too many times, amenities are positioned so guests arrive at the “back of the house”. Unfortunately, this is a more common occurrence than you would think!       
  • Off Limits: Wastewater leach fields and reserve areas must be preserved and severely limits potential development in the future. Think carefully where these should be located.       
  • Room to Grow: Roadways often follow ridgelines or creekbeds, but if placed too close, they can limit the efficiency of double-sided loading and the ability to expand.       
  • Smack in the Middle: The pool is awesome – and it’s not moving! But it is located in the single premium location within the campground. Surrounded by trees on one side and a valley on the other, there is no room for the additional amenities needed to help the campground grow and thrive.       
  • Too Close for Comfort: Often unmarked, property lines can be forgotten and ignored. Whether it is a camper that strays out of bounds or a neighbor that wanders in, buffer zones and defined boundaries can help reduce potential conflicts.

There are so many examples—and stories to go with them! A good master plan helps avoid these mistakes and allows for growth to occur without necessitating the relocation of valuable assets.

Make it Sing!

Spend the time you need during the master planning process to make sure that the plan truly reflects your vision. While there is often a sense of urgency to complete the planning and design process, slowing down during this phase of work often translates into a better and more cost-effective plan. A well-designed campground builds anticipation and creates excitement from the moment campers arrive – it also creates a sense of community that connects people to one another and the places they share or allows campers a sense of privacy if that is desired, all responding to the property’s natural beauty and terrain, and ultimately, helping to drive revenue. 

If you want to differentiate your campground, there isn’t a one-size-fits-all formula for a master plan! From determining the number of campsites that will fit on your property, to fixing an ongoing problem, to reimagining a destination that will attract generations of new campers to your site, our team will walk you through the steps to achieve cost-effective solutions that strive to not only provide safe places to play and exciting destinations, but also encourage campers to stay and play longer. 


As “The Community Impact People,” Environmental Design Group (EDG) specializes in developing campgrounds that combine quality guest experiences with dynamic destinations. With more than 10 years of experience in the campground industry, we have provided planning, design, engineering, and construction management services, along with marketing and communication strategies, for campground Owners and Investors across the country.

Our campground team is led by Stefanie Smith, AIA, LEED AP BD+C, Director of Camps & Campgrounds, Dave McCallops, P.E., Director of Water Resources, and Tammi Nagucki, CPSM, Principal of Marketing, Client Experience & EDG Creative.

For more information, please contact us at 330-375-1390 or reach out to [email protected] or [email protected].

So, You Want to Build a Campground: Planning, Pitfalls and Process

Today’s newer campers want comfort, convenience, and high-end amenities to fully experience nature at its finest. This has led to increased demand for updated and modern campgrounds. But, before you invest, it is best to consult the experts to determine if the payoff is worth the price.

Feasibility Study & Fit Plan

Once you have a property in mind, the first step as part of your preliminary due diligence is to request a Feasibility Study and Fit Plan. A qualified design team will look at the proposed site to determine if there are any “fatal flaws” that would prevent the future development from meeting your vision and your financial expectations. Such factors could include, but are not limited to, steep slopes, significant wetlands, floodplains, etc. If these prove to be non-issues, then logistical questions need to be addressed, such as:

  • How will construction teams get to and move around the site?
  • What utility services are needed, and how do you provide them for your campers?
  • Does the topography or regulatory zoning limit the development?
  • Does the site allow for future expansion opportunities?
  • How many campsites will fit on the property?

If the responses to the above can be answered to your satisfaction, you can move to the conceptual design phase, keeping in mind that you’re designing a campground, and not a residential subdivision. This phase will address and answer more specific questions, including:

  • How will the design enhance the customer experience?
  • Where will individual components be located on the site (campsites, amenities, buildings, roadways, trails, treatment facilities, maintenance, etc…)?
  • What kind of structures will be needed?
  • What permits might be required for the project site?
  • How long will it take to build?
  • What are the construction and project costs?

Getting the answers to these questions is the best way to maximize your investment, avoid common pitfalls, and ensure project completion. Too often, the preliminary due diligence is overlooked or shortened, which only leads to unwanted surprises and delays down the road. It is critical to partner with an experienced campground design team that knows what to look for when considering a new project.

30% Design Development

The due diligence is done, the questions are answered, and it’s time to move forward. The next step is the 30% Design Development. This phase involves a deep dive into the design details to showcase how all the campground systems work together. It allows the design team to verify that the campground conceptual design will work as anticipated or gives them the opportunity to modify the conceptual design based upon further analysis. Some factors that may necessitate changes are underlying ground conditions or changes warranted by local building codes.

This phase of the design process will address:

  • Economizing sanitary, water, and electrical system designs
  • Managing stormwater
  • Developing safe roadways and pedestrian pathways
  • Exploring design and delivery options for amenities and buildings
  • Updated project timeline and costs
  • Concerns for permit submittals

When all involved parties are satisfied with the 30% Design Development, the design team can move on to the next phase, construction documents.

Construction Documents

To anticipate the outcome of your project and to receive permits to proceed, professional construction documents need to be prepared. Documents may include technical specifications, construction details, a detailed cost estimate, and a construction schedule. These documents are necessary to apply for required environmental reports and to receive approvals from the local and/or state agencies that control zoning, utilities, and building codes. If done right, these documents will advance the design details only far enough to secure your permits and approvals and assist you in engaging the appropriate contractor for the job.

Build It/Construction

Once the Construction Documents are complete and approvals secured, you now have all the tools in the toolbox to proceed with construction of your campground. Again, you need to ensure that the right people are on your team. Using an experienced campground designer, like Environmental Design Group, can help move you to the finish line.

We can assist with:

  • Bidding services
  • Contract assistance and execution
  • Field construction oversight (inspections)
  • Submittal and shop drawing review
  • Change order management
  • Pay application review
  • Punch list and project closeout

A campground is an exciting project and when done correctly, a lucrative investment. However, there are many components to consider that are unique to campground development.  Engaging an experienced campground design team is a critical step to assist in avoiding common errors and pitfalls and creating an effective and smooth process. The team at Environmental Design Group is here to help. Learn more about our campground services and review past projects.


As “The Community Impact People,” Environmental Design Group (EDG) specializes in developing campgrounds that combine quality guest experiences with dynamic destinations. With more than 10 years of experience in the campground industry, we have provided planning, design, engineering, and construction management services, along with marketing and communication strategies, for campground Owners and Investors across the country.

Our campground team is led by Stefanie Smith, AIA, LEED AP BD+C, Director of Camps & Campgrounds, Dave McCallops, P.E., Director of Water Resources, and Tammi Nagucki, CPSM, Principal of Marketing, Client Experience & EDG Creative.

Navigating Zoning and Permits for Campgrounds

Zoning Regulations

The first step is to research the zoning regulations in your area. Campgrounds are often classified under recreational or commercial zoning. Make sure to check with your local zoning board to confirm the designation and permitted uses. Many areas have specific ordinances related to campgrounds and RV parks. The rules may dictate things like:

  • Density regulations—Rules regarding how many campsites are allowed per acre. This impacts the total number of campsites allowed.
  • Setbacks—Distance campsites must be from property lines, internal roads, structures, etc.
  • Campsite size—Many areas require minimum sizes for RV/tent campsites. This includes the camp pad and surrounding buffer space.
  • Access roads—Regulations may dictate minimum road width, turnaround radius for RVs, and road material (gravel, pavement, etc).
  • Parking—Rules for parking at each campsite pad as well as visitor/overflow parking areas.
  • Stormwater—Campgrounds are often designed with large areas of impervious surfaces, so proper management of stormwater is key. Many jurisdictions require drainage plan submittals to show how stormwater will be directed through proper grading and ditches/swales.
  • Floodplain rules—Special rules apply if the campground is within a mapped 100-year floodplain.
  • Noise limits—Limits on loud music, parties, dogs, ATVs, etc. to prevent campground disruptions.
  • Lighting—Regulations on lamp styles and brightness to reduce light pollution in rural campgrounds.
  • Signage—Rules pertaining to entrance, wayfinding, road, and site identification signs.

Campground Regulations

In addition to specific zoning requirements, many states have additional rules for campground development that may fall under the Department of Public Health, the state Administrative Code, Environmental Health, and more. These rules regulate things like drinking water safety, pool standards, adequate restroom facilities, sewage disposal, food handling, and general sanitation practices. Examples include:

  • Restrooms—Requirements for the number of restrooms based on campground capacity. This includes toilets, showers, sinks, and laundry facilities.
  • Site Utilities—Regulations surrounding water, electric, and sewer, with specific requirements regarding computations for water supply and sewage disposal, campsite utility hook-ups, dump stations, water and wastewater treatment systems, and more.
  • Fire pits—Rules about fire pit placement and design, plus overall campfire safety.
  • Pool standards—Rules for any swimming pool regarding fencing, health standards, lifeguards, etc.

Sign-off from the aforementioned agencies confirms that appropriate health and hygiene standards have been met for seasonal and overnight campground guests.

Building and Site Utility Permits

Once zoning is confirmed and the applicable planning and design requirements are identified, the next step is obtaining proper building and site utility permits. Development permits are required for installing new structures, making improvements to land, building utility hookups, and other campground construction. Key permits may include:

  • Land use/development permit—Approves overall campground site plan.
  • Building permits—Required for bathrooms, community buildings, camp store, etc.
  • Electrical, plumbing, and mechanical permits.
  • Road and access permits—For driveways and internal roads.
  • Fire inspection—Reviews safety of electrical and emergency access.
  • Health department—Approves food service and swimming facilities.
  • Water supply and sewage disposal permits.

The permit process ensures campgrounds meet all code and safety requirements. All inspections must be completed and approved before opening for operation.

Timing and Cost Considerations

It’s important to research and account for the potential time and expenses related to zoning and permits. The processes can take 4-12 months based on the location, site conditions, and scope of the campground development. Application fees, impact fees, inspections, and any environmental reviews also add to costs. Attempting to open without proper permits and approvals leaves the owner open to potential fines and can significantly delay construction.

With proper planning and research, these regulatory steps are manageable. Seeking guidance from local zoning officials, permit offices, and professionals to integrate applicable requirements into the campground plan as early as possible will help streamline and simplify the construction process, helping you achieve your goals in a timely manner.

Stay Compliant—Reach Out Today

With proper planning and research, these regulatory steps are manageable. Seeking guidance from local zoning officials, permit offices, and professionals to integrate applicable requirements into the campground plan as early as possible will help streamline and simplify the construction process, helping you achieve your goals in a timely manner.

 Contact us today to learn more about our Campgrounds & Camps services.